Failure Analysis and Solutions for Hydraulic Jack Rubber Shock-Absorbing Blocks Related to Fluid Leakage
Hydraulic jack rubber shock-absorbing blocks are essential for cushioning, vibration reduction, and safe load distribution. Fluid leakage associated with these rubber blocks can compromise the hydraulic system’s performance, reduce lifting efficiency, and pose safety hazards. Understanding the causes and implementing corrective measures is crucial for reliable operation.
1. Common Causes of Fluid Leakage Related to Rubber Blocks
Material Degradation: Prolonged exposure to hydraulic fluid, oil, or other chemicals can swell or soften the rubber, causing cracks or gaps that allow fluid to escape.
Hardening and Brittleness: Thermal aging or environmental exposure (UV, ozone) can make the rubber rigid, leading to surface cracks that compromise the seal.
Improper Installation: Misalignment, incorrect fit, or insufficient compression of the rubber block can create leakage paths.
Mechanical Damage: Cuts, abrasions, or punctures during handling or operation may breach the rubber block’s integrity.
Design Mismatch: Using a rubber compound with inadequate chemical resistance, hardness, or elasticity for the hydraulic fluid or operational pressure.
2. Associated Faults
Reduced Lifting Capacity: Fluid leakage lowers hydraulic pressure, reducing the jack’s load-bearing performance.
Irregular Movement: Uneven or jerky lifting and lowering may occur due to inconsistent fluid flow.
Accelerated Wear of Components: Leaks may cause contamination, leading to premature wear of seals, pistons, or other hydraulic components.
Safety Hazards: Slipping or uncontrolled lowering of loads due to insufficient hydraulic pressure.
3. Preventive Measures
Material Selection: Choose rubber blocks compatible with hydraulic fluids (e.g., NBR or fluoroelastomers) and resistant to temperature and chemical exposure.
Environmental Protection: Minimize UV, ozone, and thermal exposure to maintain elasticity and sealing performance.
Design Optimization: Ensure the block’s hardness, thickness, and shape provide a reliable seal under expected load and pressure.
Proper Installation: Align the rubber block correctly, apply correct compression, and follow manufacturer installation guidelines.
Regular Maintenance: Inspect rubber blocks for cracks, swelling, hardening, or detachment; replace at the first sign of deterioration.
Avoid Contaminants: Prevent debris, dust, or sharp objects from contacting the rubber surface to avoid mechanical damage.
4. Corrective Actions for Existing Leaks
Replacement of Degraded Blocks: Remove and replace rubber blocks showing chemical swelling, hardening, or cracks.
Reinstallation or Adjustment: Correct alignment or compression issues causing minor leaks.
Seal Reinforcement: Apply compatible sealing compounds if minor gaps exist without full replacement.
System Check: Inspect the hydraulic system for secondary damages due to leakage, such as contaminated fluid or worn seals, and repair as needed.
5. Conclusion
Fluid leakage in hydraulic jacks related to rubber shock-absorbing blocks can significantly impact performance and safety. Preventive measures—including appropriate material selection, correct installation, environmental protection, and regular maintenance—combined with timely corrective actions, ensure reliable sealing, extended service life, and safe operation.
References
Gent, A. N. Engineering with Rubber: How to Design Rubber Components. Hanser Publishers, 2012.
ASTM D2000 – Standard Classification System for Rubber Products in Automotive and Industrial Applications.
Lake, G. J. “Fatigue and Fracture of Elastomers.” Rubber Chemistry and Technology, 2000.
ISO 2285 – Rubber Products — Determination of Tensile Stress-Strain Properties.
ISO 2230 – Rubber Products—Guidelines for Storage and Maintenance.
